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1.
Инвентарный номер: нет.
   
   T 44

   
    The proof-of-feasibility of multiple evaporator loop heat pipes / W. B. Bienert, D. A. Wolf, M. N. Nikitkin, Yu. F. Maydanik, Y. G. Fershtater, S. V. Vershinin, J. M. Gottschlich // 6th European Symposium on Space Environmental Control Systems: Noordwijk, Netherlands, 20-22 may 1997 . - 1997. - Vol.400. - С. 393-398
ББК 53
Рубрики: ФИЗИКА
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
LOOP HEAT PIPES -- THERMAL CONTROL -- MULTIPLE THERMAL INTERFACE
Аннотация: This paper presents results that demonstrate the proof-of-feasibility of multiple evaporator Loop Heat Pipes (LHP). It was demonstrated that a multiple evaporator LHP can successfully operate as a thermal control system component. A breadboard LHP with multiple evaporators (two) that retained the reliable self starting behavior of the single thermal interface LHP was developed. Program efforts were concentrated on a two pump system and investigated the performance of the dual evaporator LHP. Analytical predictons and experimental test data are compared, and important issues are discussed that will be a baseline for continued development of multiple thermal interface LHPs. All of the conclusions are based on test results, analytic modeling and the correlation of the two. Although a mathematical model that predicts the multiple evaporator LHP behavior was developed, the primary focus of the program was the development, fabrication, and test of a breadboard multi-evaporator LHP. The program clearly demonstrated that multi-evaporator LHPs are feasible and merit further development as a viable thermal control components

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2.
Инвентарный номер: нет.
   
   T 44

   
    The proof-of-feasibility of multiple evaporator loop heat pipes / W. B. Bienert, D. A. Wolf, M. N. Nikitkin, Yu. F. Maydanik, Y. G. Fershtater, S. V. Vershinin, J. M. Gottschlich // 6th European Symposium on Space Environmental Control Systems: Noordwijk, Netherlands, 20-22 may 1997 . - 1997. - Vol.400. - С. 393-398
ББК 53
Рубрики: ФИЗИКА
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
LOOP HEAT PIPES -- THERMAL CONTROL -- MULTIPLE THERMAL INTERFACE
Аннотация: This paper presents results that demonstrate the proof-of-feasibility of multiple evaporator Loop Heat Pipes (LHP). It was demonstrated that a multiple evaporator LHP can successfully operate as a thermal control system component. A breadboard LHP with multiple evaporators (two) that retained the reliable self starting behavior of the single thermal interface LHP was developed. Program efforts were concentrated on a two pump system and investigated the performance of the dual evaporator LHP. Analytical predictons and experimental test data are compared, and important issues are discussed that will be a baseline for continued development of multiple thermal interface LHPs. All of the conclusions are based on test results, analytic modeling and the correlation of the two. Although a mathematical model that predicts the multiple evaporator LHP behavior was developed, the primary focus of the program was the development, fabrication, and test of a breadboard multi-evaporator LHP. The program clearly demonstrated that multi-evaporator LHPs are feasible and merit further development as a viable thermal control components

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3.
Инвентарный номер: нет.
   
   S 82

   
    Steady-state and transient performance of a miniature loop heat pipe / Chen. Yuming, M. Groll, R. Mertz, Yu. F. Maydanik // International Journal of Thermal Science. - 2006. - Vol.45. - С. 1084-1090
ББК 53
Рубрики: ФИЗИКА
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
LOOP HEAT PIPES -- HEAT TRAHSFER -- ELECTRONICS COOLING
Аннотация: A series of tests have been carried out with a miniature loop heat pipe (mLHP), which has been developed for consumer electronics cooling, for horizontal and four vertical orientations under different sink temperatures. The mLHP has a cylindrical evaporator of 5 mm outer diameter and 29 mm length. The steady-state operating characteristics are similar for different orientations except for the orientation where the evaporator is above the compensation chamber. At an evaporator temperature of 75 °C, an evaporator heat load up to 70 W can be reached with thermal resistance of about 0.2 °C/W. The transient behavior of the mLHP is studied in detail. In general, the mLHP can be started up with very low power input (5 W). Big temperature oscillations in the liquid line were found in many cases, however, the temperature oscillations in the evaporator are minimum. The orientations greatly influence the operating characteristics of the mLHP. At least for the horizontal orientation, the overall performance of the tested mLHP is satisfying

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4.
Инвентарный номер: нет.
   
   S 82

   
    Steady-state and transient performance of a miniature loop heat pipe / Chen. Yuming, M. Groll, R. Mertz, Yu. F. Maydanik // International Journal of Thermal Science. - 2006. - Vol.45. - С. 1084-1090
ББК 53
Рубрики: ФИЗИКА
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
LOOP HEAT PIPES -- HEAT TRAHSFER -- ELECTRONICS COOLING
Аннотация: A series of tests have been carried out with a miniature loop heat pipe (mLHP), which has been developed for consumer electronics cooling, for horizontal and four vertical orientations under different sink temperatures. The mLHP has a cylindrical evaporator of 5 mm outer diameter and 29 mm length. The steady-state operating characteristics are similar for different orientations except for the orientation where the evaporator is above the compensation chamber. At an evaporator temperature of 75 °C, an evaporator heat load up to 70 W can be reached with thermal resistance of about 0.2 °C/W. The transient behavior of the mLHP is studied in detail. In general, the mLHP can be started up with very low power input (5 W). Big temperature oscillations in the liquid line were found in many cases, however, the temperature oscillations in the evaporator are minimum. The orientations greatly influence the operating characteristics of the mLHP. At least for the horizontal orientation, the overall performance of the tested mLHP is satisfying

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5.
Инвентарный номер: нет.
   
   S 82

   
    Steady state operation of a copper–water LHP with a flat-oval evaporator / S. Becker, S. V. Vershinin, V. Sartre, E. Laurien, J. Bonjour, Yu. F. Maydanik // Applied Thermal Engineering. - 2011. - Vol.31, №5. - С. 686-695. - Библиогр.: с. 695 (24 ref.)
ББК 53
Рубрики: ФИЗИКА
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
LOOP HEAT PIPE -- HEAT TRAHSFER -- EXPERIMENTAL STUDY
Аннотация: In order to dissipate the heat generated by electronic boxes in avionic systems, a copper–water LHP with a flat-oval evaporator was fabricated and tested at steady state. The LHP consists of a flat shaped evaporator, 7 mm thick, including compensation chamber with attached heat exchanger. The condenser is cooled by forced convection of liquid. The variable parameters are the heat sink and ambient temperatures (20 and 55 °C), the orientation (−90° to +90° in two perpendicular planes) and the power input (0–100 W). Evaporator wall temperatures are higher when the evaporator is placed above the condenser. For heat sink and ambient temperature of 20 °C the evaporator wall temperature does not vary much with heat load for all measured elevations. But it fluctuates at heat sink and ambient temperature equal to 55 °C when the evaporator is placed below the condenser. The LHP total thermal resistance is governed by the condenser resistance. It decreases with increasing heat load, whatever the operating conditions, because the part of the condenser internal surface area used for condensation increases too. A minimum thermal resistance of 0.2 K/W was obtained. The maximum thermal resistance was 2.7 K/W

\\\\expert2\\NBO\\Applied Thermal Engineering\\2011, v. 31, p.686.pdf
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6.
Инвентарный номер: нет.
   
   S 82

   
    Steady state operation of a copper–water LHP with a flat-oval evaporator / S. Becker, S. V. Vershinin, V. Sartre, E. Laurien, J. Bonjour, Yu. F. Maydanik // Applied Thermal Engineering. - 2011. - Vol.31, №5. - С. 686-695. - Библиогр.: с. 695 (24 ref.)
ББК 53
Рубрики: ФИЗИКА
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
LOOP HEAT PIPE -- HEAT TRAHSFER -- EXPERIMENTAL STUDY
Аннотация: In order to dissipate the heat generated by electronic boxes in avionic systems, a copper–water LHP with a flat-oval evaporator was fabricated and tested at steady state. The LHP consists of a flat shaped evaporator, 7 mm thick, including compensation chamber with attached heat exchanger. The condenser is cooled by forced convection of liquid. The variable parameters are the heat sink and ambient temperatures (20 and 55 °C), the orientation (−90° to +90° in two perpendicular planes) and the power input (0–100 W). Evaporator wall temperatures are higher when the evaporator is placed above the condenser. For heat sink and ambient temperature of 20 °C the evaporator wall temperature does not vary much with heat load for all measured elevations. But it fluctuates at heat sink and ambient temperature equal to 55 °C when the evaporator is placed below the condenser. The LHP total thermal resistance is governed by the condenser resistance. It decreases with increasing heat load, whatever the operating conditions, because the part of the condenser internal surface area used for condensation increases too. A minimum thermal resistance of 0.2 K/W was obtained. The maximum thermal resistance was 2.7 K/W

\\\\expert2\\NBO\\Applied Thermal Engineering\\2011, v. 31, p.686.pdf
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7.
Инвентарный номер: нет.
   
   P 31

    Pastukhov, V. G.
    Development and investigation of a cooler for electronics on the basis of two-phase loop thermosyphons / V. G. Pastukhov, Yu. F. Maydanik, V. I. Dmitrin // Heat Pipe Science and Technology, An International Journal , vol. - Vol.1, №1. - С. 47-57
ББК 53
Рубрики: ФИЗИКА
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
LOOP THERMOSYPHON -- EVAPORATOR -- CAPILLARY STRUCTURE,
Аннотация: The objective of this work was to develop a device for cooling electronic elements with a heat power up to 30 W by its rejection and dissipation in the ambient by free air convection. The device specification assigned the temperature range of the ambient conditions from −40 to +105° C and the available space of 30(W) × 120(H) × 200(L) mm. As a result a hybrid scheme based on a loop thermosyphon was proposed, where the evaporator embodied the capillary structure. In such a scheme, the return working fluid flow was ensured by the combined action of the gravity and capillary forces. Several prototypes with different loop and evaporator designs were tested in laboratory conditions. Water and heptane were used as working fluids. The experiments showed that the role of the capillary structure locally placed in the evaporator can be efficiently implemented by both highly porous cellular materials and capillary grooves made on the evaporating surface. It is also shown that heptane can be effectively used as a working fluid which is appropriate for the temperature range requirements. At the same time the device has good mass-and-size characteristics and total thermal resistance under a nominal heat load of about 1.7° C/W

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8.
Инвентарный номер: нет.
   
   P 31

    Pastukhov, V. G.
    Development and investigation of a cooler for electronics on the basis of two-phase loop thermosyphons / V. G. Pastukhov, Yu. F. Maydanik, V. I. Dmitrin // Heat Pipe Science and Technology, An International Journal , vol. - Vol.1, №1. - С. 47-57
ББК 53
Рубрики: ФИЗИКА
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
LOOP THERMOSYPHON -- EVAPORATOR -- CAPILLARY STRUCTURE,
Аннотация: The objective of this work was to develop a device for cooling electronic elements with a heat power up to 30 W by its rejection and dissipation in the ambient by free air convection. The device specification assigned the temperature range of the ambient conditions from −40 to +105° C and the available space of 30(W) × 120(H) × 200(L) mm. As a result a hybrid scheme based on a loop thermosyphon was proposed, where the evaporator embodied the capillary structure. In such a scheme, the return working fluid flow was ensured by the combined action of the gravity and capillary forces. Several prototypes with different loop and evaporator designs were tested in laboratory conditions. Water and heptane were used as working fluids. The experiments showed that the role of the capillary structure locally placed in the evaporator can be efficiently implemented by both highly porous cellular materials and capillary grooves made on the evaporating surface. It is also shown that heptane can be effectively used as a working fluid which is appropriate for the temperature range requirements. At the same time the device has good mass-and-size characteristics and total thermal resistance under a nominal heat load of about 1.7° C/W

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9.
Инвентарный номер: нет.
   
   P 31

    Pastukhov, V. G.
    Combined LHP and PHP based heat-transfer system / V. G. Pastukhov, Yu. F. Maydanik // International Journal of Thermal Science. - 2013. - Vol.74. - С. 81-85
ББК 53
Рубрики: ФИЗИКА
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
HEAT-TRANSFER SYSTEM -- LOOP HEAT PIPE -- PULSATING HEAT PIPE
Аннотация: The paper presents the results of development and experimental investigation of a heat-transfer system consisting of a pulsating and a loop heat pipe. The pulsating heat pipe (PHP) was made of a copper capillary tube 2 mm in diameter and located on an aluminum plate measuring 260 × 200 × 1 mm, had a thermal contact with the evaporator interface of a loop heat pipe (LHP) 0.6 m long. The working fluid of the PHP was R141b. The LHP was filled with ammonia. A heat-load source measuring 200 × 200 mm was located on the PHP, and its heat was transferred to the LHP evaporator. Tests were conducted at different orientations in the gravity field at heat loads from 10 to 170 W and heat-sink temperatures from −20 to +20 °C. A minimum value of thermal resistance equal to 0.28 °C/W was achieved in the heat load range from 50 to 90 W.

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10.
Инвентарный номер: нет.
   
   P 31

    Pastukhov, V. G.
    Combined LHP and PHP based heat-transfer system / V. G. Pastukhov, Yu. F. Maydanik // International Journal of Thermal Science. - 2013. - Vol.74. - С. 81-85
ББК 53
Рубрики: ФИЗИКА
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
HEAT-TRANSFER SYSTEM -- LOOP HEAT PIPE -- PULSATING HEAT PIPE
Аннотация: The paper presents the results of development and experimental investigation of a heat-transfer system consisting of a pulsating and a loop heat pipe. The pulsating heat pipe (PHP) was made of a copper capillary tube 2 mm in diameter and located on an aluminum plate measuring 260 × 200 × 1 mm, had a thermal contact with the evaporator interface of a loop heat pipe (LHP) 0.6 m long. The working fluid of the PHP was R141b. The LHP was filled with ammonia. A heat-load source measuring 200 × 200 mm was located on the PHP, and its heat was transferred to the LHP evaporator. Tests were conducted at different orientations in the gravity field at heat loads from 10 to 170 W and heat-sink temperatures from −20 to +20 °C. A minimum value of thermal resistance equal to 0.28 °C/W was achieved in the heat load range from 50 to 90 W.

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