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1.

Вид документа :
Шифр издания : 53/P 31
Автор(ы) : Pastukhov V. G., Maydanik Yu. F., Fershtater Y. G.
Заглавие : Adaptation of loop heat pipes to zero-g conditions
Место публикации : 6th European Symposium on Space Environmental Control Systems: Noordwijk, Netherlands, 20-22 may 1997 . - 1997. - Vol.400. - С. 385-391
ББК : 53
Предметные рубрики: ФИЗИКА
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): loop heat pipes --heat-transport --thermocapillary phenomena
Аннотация: Loop heat pipes (LHPs) posses a great variety of valuable properties, which make them quite promising for application both on the Earth and in space. Among these are the LHP high heat-transport capacity at an any orientation in the field of mass forces, good mass-and-size parameters and the possibility of an arbitrary configuration of transport lines. At the same time such a drawback of LHPs of the conventional type as the instability of start up and operation in the region of low heat loads reduces their performance. The problem is connected, in a general case, with the unfavourable distribution of the vapor and the liquid phases of the working fluid in the evaporator. There is reason to believe that the LHP operation can also be significantly affected by zero-g conditions, in which the distribution of a working fluid is pre-determined only by the action of surface forces and the thermocapillary phenomena. The paper performs a general analysis of the necessary conditions imposed on the construction of LHP and some designs that contribute to the retention of serviceability in zero-g conditions at low heat loads. It gives the results of laboratory investigations of an adapted ammonia LHP with a heat-transfer capacity up to 2 kWxm
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2.

Вид документа :
Шифр издания : 53/H 65
Автор(ы) : North M. T., Sarraf D. B., Rosenfeld J. H., Maydanik Yu. F., Vershinin S. V.
Заглавие : High heat flux loop heat pipes
Место публикации : SPACE TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS INTERNATIONAL FORUM (STAIF-97), PTS 1-3: 1ST CONFERENCE ON FUTURE SCIENCE & EARTH SCIENCE MISSIONS; 1ST CONFERENCE ON SYNERGISTIC POWER & PROPULSION SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY; 1ST CONFERENCE ON APPLICATIONS OF THERMOPHYSICS IN MICROGRAVITY; 2ND CONFERENCE ON COMMERCIAL DEVELOPMENT OF SPACE; - 2ND CONFERENCE ON NEXT GENERATION LAUNCH SYSTEMS; 14TH SYMPOSIUM ON SPACE NUCLEAR POWER AND PROPULSION, ALBUQUERQUE, 26-30 JAN, 1997 . - 1997. - Vol.387. - С. 561-566
ББК : 53
Предметные рубрики: ФИЗИКА
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): loop heat pipes --thermal power loads--vapor flow losses
Аннотация: Loop Heat Pipes (LHPs) can transport very large thermal power loads, over long distances, through flexible, small diameter tubes and against high gravitational heads. While recent LHPs have transported as much as 1500 W, the peak heat flux through a LHP's evaporator has been limited to about 0.07 MW/m(2). This limitation is due to the arrangement of vapor passages next to the heat load which is one of the conditions necessary to ensure self priming of the device. This paper describes work aimed at raising this limit by threefold to tenfold. Two approaches were pursued. One optimized the vapor passage geometry for the high heat flux conditions. The geometry improved the heat flow into the wick and working fluid. This approach also employed a finer pored wick to support higher vapor flow losses. The second approach used a bidisperse wick material within the circumferential vapor passages. The bidisperse material increased the thermal conductivity and the evaporative surface area in the region of highest heat flux, while providing a flow path for the vapor. Proof-of-concept devices were fabricated and tested for each approach. Both devices operated as designed and both demonstrated operation at a heat flux of 0.70 MW/m(2). This performance exceeded the known state of the art by a factor of more than six for both conventional heat pipes and for loop heat pipes using ammonia. In addition, the bidisperse-wick device demonstrated boiling heat transfer coefficients up to 100,000 W/m(2) K, and the fine pored device demonstrated an orientation independence with its performance essentially unaffected by whether its evaporator was positioned above, below or level with the condenser
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3.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания : 53/K 79
Автор(ы) : Koverda V. P., Skokov V. N.
Заглавие : An origin of 1/f fluctuations at a nonequilibrium phase transition
Место публикации : Physica A. - 1999. - V. 262, N 3-4. - С. 376-387
ББК : 53
Предметные рубрики: ФИЗИКА
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): 1/f-noise--nonequilibrium phase transitions--high-temperature superconductor--boiling--stochastic equations--films
Аннотация: We present the results of experimental study of an intensive source of wide-band 1/f noise whose generation appears in a system of two interacting nonequilibrium phase transitions. Such a process has been realized in the region of superposition of a superconductor-normal conductor phase transition on a liquid-vapor crisis transition in a boiling cooler. A mathematical model describing phase transitions in a dynamical system with two interacting order parameters, converting "white" noise into two stationary stochastic processes with 1/f and 1/f(2) spectra has been suggested. The properties of model oscillations with 1/f spectrum are qualitatively adequate to those observed in experiment. The characteristic difference of model oscillations with a 1/f(2) spectrum from classic random walks has also been noted
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4.

Вид документа :
Шифр издания : 53/H 65
Автор(ы) : North M. T., Sarraf D. B., Rosenfeld J. H., Maydanik Yu. F., Vershinin S. V.
Заглавие : High heat flux loop heat pipes
Место публикации : 6th European Symposium on Space Environmental Control Systems: Noordwijk, Netherlands, 20-22 may 1997 . - 1997. - Vol. 400. - С. 371-376
ББК : 53
Предметные рубрики: ФИЗИКА
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): loop heat pipes --power loads--gravitational heads
Аннотация: Loop Heat Pipes (LHPs) can transport very large thermal power loads, over long distances, through flexible, small diameter tubes and gravitational heads. While recent transported as much as 1500 W, the peak heat flux through a LHP's evaporator has been limited to about 0.07 MW/m(2). This limitation is due to the arrangement of vapor passages next to the heat load which is one of the conditions necessary to ensure self priming of the device. This paper describes work aimed at raising this limit by threefold to tenfold. Two approaches were pursued. One optimized the vapor passage geometry for the high heat flux conditions. The geometry improved the heat flow into the wick and working fluid. This approach also employed a finer pored wick to support higher vapor flow losses. The second approach used a bidisperse wick material within the circumferential vapor passages. The bidisperse material increased the thermal conductivity and the evaporative surface area in the region of highest heat flux, while providing a flow path for the vapor. Proof-of-concept devices were fabricated and tested for each approach. Both devices operated as designed and both demonstrated operation at a heat flux of 0.70 MW/m(2) This performance exceeded the known state of the art by a factor of more than six for both conventional heat pipes and for loop heat pipes using ammonia. In addition, the bidisperse-wick device demonstrated boiling heat transfer coefficients up to 100,000 W/m(2).K, and the fine pored device demonstrated an orientation independence with its performance essentially unaffected by whether its evaporator was positioned above, below or level with the condenser
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5.

Вид документа :
Шифр издания : 53/B 16
Автор(ы) : Baidakov V. G., Protsenko S.P., Tipeev O. A.
Заглавие : Metastable extension of the melting line and the critical endpoint
Место публикации : Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids : 9th International Symposium on Crystallization in Glasses and Liquids Location, Foz do Iguacu, BRAZIL, 10-13 sep. , 2009 . - 2009. - Vol.356, №52-54. - С. 2923-2927
ББК : 53
Предметные рубрики: ФИЗИКА
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): molecular-dynamics simulation--lennard-jones system--negative pressures
Аннотация: Molecular-dynamics methods have been employed to calculate the (p, rho, T)-properties and the internal energy of the Lennard-Jones crystal and liquid phases in both stable and metastable states to the boundaries of limiting supersaturations. Thermal and caloric equations of state have been formulated for determining the parameters of phase equilibrium and approximating the boundaries of essential instability (the spinodal curves). The results of calculations of phase equilibrium parameters from the condition of chemical potentials equality show that the melting line in the region of its metastable extension approaches the spinodal of a stretched liquid. The point of contact (the critical endpoint) is characterized by the following parameter values: T*(m)= 0.5286, p*(m) = -1.7128, rho*(m,l) = 0.7374, rho*(m,c) = 0.9423. The melting line and its metastable extension were also calculated by simulations of two-phase liquid-crystal systems. A comparison of these two approaches has been performed. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
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6.

Вид документа :
Шифр издания : 53/S 89
Автор(ы) : Vshivkov S. A., Faizullin M. Z.
Заглавие : Effect of molecular dimensions of components on phase transitions in solutions of oligomeric polyethers
Место публикации : Polymer Science. Series A. - 2009. - Vol.51, №9. - С. 974-978
ББК : 53
Предметные рубрики: ФИЗИКА
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): polymer-solvent interaction--polystyrene--region
Аннотация: The molecular masses and intrinsic viscosities of a series of oligomeric poly(propylene glycols) have been studied by light scattering, analysis of chain ends, viscometry, and the cloud-point method. Phase diagrams are plotted and the Flory-Huggins thermodynamic interaction parameters and the second virial coefficients are calculated for oligomeric poly(propylene glycol)-n-alkane systems. The effects of the molecular dimensions of components on their mutual solubility and positions of boundary curves are determined. UCST decreases with an increase in the size of poly(propylene glycol) macromolecules and increases with an increase in the size of n-alkane mol
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7.

Вид документа :
Шифр издания : 53/B 16
Автор(ы) : Baidakov V. G., Protsenko S.P., Tipeev A. O.
Заглавие : Metastable extension of the melting line and the critical endpoint
Место публикации : Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids. - 2010. - Vol.356, №52-54. - С. 2923-2927
ББК : 53
Предметные рубрики: ФИЗИКА
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): molecular-dynamics simulation--lennard-jones system--negative
Аннотация: Molecular-dynamics methods have been employed to calculate the (p, ρ, T)-properties and the internal energy of the Lennard-Jones crystal and liquid phases in both stable and metastable states to the boundaries of limiting supersaturations. Thermal and caloric equations of state have been formulated for determining the parameters of phase equilibrium and approximating the boundaries of essential instability (the spinodal curves). The results of calculations of phase equilibrium parameters from the condition of chemical potentials equality show that the melting line in the region of its metastable extension approaches the spinodal of a stretched liquid. The point of contact (the critical endpoint) is characterized by the following parameter values: Tm⁎ = 0.5286, pm⁎ = − 1.7128, ρm,l⁎ = 0.7374, ρm,c⁎ = 0.9423. The melting line and its metastable extension were also calculated by simulations of two-phase liquid–crystal systems. A comparison of these two approaches has been performed.
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8.

Вид документа :
Шифр издания : 53/B 16
Автор(ы) : Baidakov V. G., Kozlova Z. R.
Заглавие : The self-diffusion coefficient in metastable states of a Lennard-Jones fluid
Место публикации : Chemical Physics Letters. - 2010. - Vol.500, №1-3. - С. 23-27
ББК : 53
Предметные рубрики: ФИЗИКА
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): molecular-dynamics simulation--critical points--viscosity
Аннотация: Molecular-dynamics computer simulation has been used to calculate the self-diffusion coefficient of a Lennard-Jones fluid in the interval of reduced temperatures T* = 0.35-2.0, through mean-squared particles displacements and the velocity autocorrelation function. Calculations have been performed for systems in stable and metastable states up to the boundary of spontaneous nucleation in a model of a fluid consisting of 2048 particles. The values of the self-diffusion coefficient on the spinodals of a superheated liquid and supersaturated vapor have been determined. It has been established that in the region of supercooled states of the liquid phase on an isotherm the logarithm of the self-diffusion coefficient is a linear function of the pressure
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9.

Вид документа :
Шифр издания : 53/B 74
Автор(ы) : Boltachev G. Sh., Baidakov V. G.
Заглавие : The thermodynamic properties of nitrogen, argon, oxygen, and their mixtures in the region of the liquid-gas phase transition
Место публикации : Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry. - 2006. - Vol.80, №4. - С. 501-504
ББК : 53
Предметные рубрики: ФИЗИКА
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): equation of state--pressures--mpa
Аннотация: A procedure for constructing the equation of state for metastable and labile regions in the liquid gas phase transition is suggested. A consistent description of p, rho, T, and caloric properties was obtained. The spinodals of both pure fluids and their mixtures were located
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10.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания : 53/S 61
Автор(ы) : Galashev A. E., Polukhin V. A., Izmodenov I. A., Rakhmanova O. R.
Заглавие : Simulation of noncrystalline silicon nanoparticles: a computer experiment
Место публикации : Glass Physics and Chemistry. - 2006. - Vol. 32, № 1. - С. 99-105
ББК : 53
Предметные рубрики: ФИЗИКА
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): silicon
Аннотация: The physical properties of vitreous and amorphous silicon nanoparticles containing 300, 400, and 500 atoms are investigated by the molecular dynamics method. For a limited number of degrees of freedom, the internal energy of the amorphous phase is often less than the internal energy of the vitreous phase. The structure of the central region of silicon nanoparticles is studied in detail by constructing Voronoi polyhedra, which make it possible to determine the mean length of bonds and their number. The differences between the structures of nanoparticles in the amorphous and vitreous states are determined by the differences in the distribution of angles between Si-Si bonds and the distribution of bond lengths. Local arrangements of atoms in vitreous silicon nanoparticles are characterized by larger variations in the interatomic distances. The self-diffusion coefficients determined from mean-square atomic displacements are smaller for amorphous nanoparticles due to dominant diffusion over dangling Si-Si bonds.
\\\\Expert2\\NBO\\Glass Physics and Chemistry\\2006, v. 32, N. 1, p.99.pdf
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