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1.
Инвентарный номер: нет.
   
   I-60


   
    Influence of admixtures of the compressor oil to the enthalpy of working fluid in evaporator [Текст] / V. P. Zhelezny, P. V. Zhelezny, P. V. Skripov, V. F. Vozniy, D. A. Procenko, S. N. Ancherbak // Compressors 2004, International Conference on Compressors and Coolants, 5th, Casta Papiernicka, Slovakia, Sept. 29-Oct. 1, 2004. - 2004. - С. 303-309
ББК 53
Рубрики: ФИЗИКА
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
ADMIXTURES

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2.
Инвентарный номер: нет.
   
   I-70


   
    Investigation of startup behaviors of a loop-heat pipe / H. X. Zhang, G. P. Lin, T. Ding, Yu. F. Maydanik, R. G. Sudakov // Journal of Termophysics and Heat Transfer. - 2005. - Vol. 19, № 4. - С. 509-518
ББК 53
Рубрики: ФИЗИКА
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
HEAT PIPES -- VAPOR/LIQUID DISTRIBUTION -- VAPOR GROOVES
Аннотация: The results of ground experiments on startup behaviors of a loop heat pipe are presented. One objective is to investigate the effects of working conditions on the startup of loop heat pipes. Startup behaviors as functions of various parameters, including the vapor/liquid distribution-in the evaporator, startup heat load, sink temperature, and adverse elevation are described and explained. The physical process of startup is described, and the explanation that pressure transfer leads to the saturated temperature rise in the compensation chamber during startup is discussed. The other objective is to investigate the effect of startup on the steady-state operation of loop heat pipes. Test results indicate that evaporation inside the wick tends to occur at low startup heat loads when the evaporator, including the vapor grooves and the evaporator core, is flooded with liquid. Some peculiar phenomena, including evaporation inside the wick, temperature oscillation at the condenser inlet, and reverse flow equilibrium, which lead to higher operating temperatures, were observed during startups

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3.
Инвентарный номер: нет.
   
   E 97


   
    Experimental study on start-up characteristics of loop heat pipes / H. X. Zhang, G. P. Lin, T. Ding, R. G. Sudakov, Yu. F. Maydanik // Scienein China Series E-Engineering & Materials Science. - 2005. - Vol. 48, № 2. - С. 131-144
ББК 53
Рубрики: ФИЗИКА
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
LOOP HEAT PIPE -- START-UP -- EXPERIMENT
Аннотация: This paper presents results of ground-experimental study on the start-up characteristics of a Loop Heat Pipe. The physical process of start-up is described, and the explanation that "Pressure Transfer" leads to the saturated temperature rise in compensation chamber during start-up is first discussed. Start-up behaviors as a function of various parameters including vapor/liquid distribution in the evaporator, adverse elevation, start-up heat load, sink temperature are described and explained. A peculiar start-up phenomenon composed of two start-up scenarios was first observed at adverse elevations and is described

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4.
Инвентарный номер: нет.
   
   H 65


   
    High heat flux loop heat pipes / M. T. North, D. B. Sarraf, J. H. Rosenfeld, Yu. F. Maydanik, S. V. Vershinin // 6th European Symposium on Space Environmental Control Systems: Noordwijk, Netherlands, 20-22 may 1997 . - 1997. - Vol. 400. - С. 371-376
ББК 53
Рубрики: ФИЗИКА
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
LOOP HEAT PIPES -- POWER LOADS -- GRAVITATIONAL HEADS
Аннотация: Loop Heat Pipes (LHPs) can transport very large thermal power loads, over long distances, through flexible, small diameter tubes and gravitational heads. While recent transported as much as 1500 W, the peak heat flux through a LHP's evaporator has been limited to about 0.07 MW/m(2). This limitation is due to the arrangement of vapor passages next to the heat load which is one of the conditions necessary to ensure self priming of the device. This paper describes work aimed at raising this limit by threefold to tenfold. Two approaches were pursued. One optimized the vapor passage geometry for the high heat flux conditions. The geometry improved the heat flow into the wick and working fluid. This approach also employed a finer pored wick to support higher vapor flow losses. The second approach used a bidisperse wick material within the circumferential vapor passages. The bidisperse material increased the thermal conductivity and the evaporative surface area in the region of highest heat flux, while providing a flow path for the vapor. Proof-of-concept devices were fabricated and tested for each approach. Both devices operated as designed and both demonstrated operation at a heat flux of 0.70 MW/m(2) This performance exceeded the known state of the art by a factor of more than six for both conventional heat pipes and for loop heat pipes using ammonia. In addition, the bidisperse-wick device demonstrated boiling heat transfer coefficients up to 100,000 W/m(2).K, and the fine pored device demonstrated an orientation independence with its performance essentially unaffected by whether its evaporator was positioned above, below or level with the condenser

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5.
Инвентарный номер: нет.
   
   P 31


    Pastukhov, V. G.
    Adaptation of loop heat pipes to zero-g conditions / V. G. Pastukhov, Yu. F. Maydanik, Y. G. Fershtater // 6th European Symposium on Space Environmental Control Systems: Noordwijk, Netherlands, 20-22 may 1997 . - 1997. - Vol.400. - С. 385-391
ББК 53
Рубрики: ФИЗИКА
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
LOOP HEAT PIPES -- HEAT-TRANSPORT -- THERMOCAPILLARY PHENOMENA
Аннотация: Loop heat pipes (LHPs) posses a great variety of valuable properties, which make them quite promising for application both on the Earth and in space. Among these are the LHP high heat-transport capacity at an any orientation in the field of mass forces, good mass-and-size parameters and the possibility of an arbitrary configuration of transport lines. At the same time such a drawback of LHPs of the conventional type as the instability of start up and operation in the region of low heat loads reduces their performance. The problem is connected, in a general case, with the unfavourable distribution of the vapor and the liquid phases of the working fluid in the evaporator. There is reason to believe that the LHP operation can also be significantly affected by zero-g conditions, in which the distribution of a working fluid is pre-determined only by the action of surface forces and the thermocapillary phenomena. The paper performs a general analysis of the necessary conditions imposed on the construction of LHP and some designs that contribute to the retention of serviceability in zero-g conditions at low heat loads. It gives the results of laboratory investigations of an adapted ammonia LHP with a heat-transfer capacity up to 2 kWxm

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6.
Инвентарный номер: нет.
   
   T 44


   
    The proof-of-feasibility of multiple evaporator loop heat pipes / W. B. Bienert, D. A. Wolf, M. N. Nikitkin, Yu. F. Maydanik, Y. G. Fershtater, S. V. Vershinin, J. M. Gottschlich // 6th European Symposium on Space Environmental Control Systems: Noordwijk, Netherlands, 20-22 may 1997 . - 1997. - Vol.400. - С. 393-398
ББК 53
Рубрики: ФИЗИКА
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
LOOP HEAT PIPES -- THERMAL CONTROL -- MULTIPLE THERMAL INTERFACE
Аннотация: This paper presents results that demonstrate the proof-of-feasibility of multiple evaporator Loop Heat Pipes (LHP). It was demonstrated that a multiple evaporator LHP can successfully operate as a thermal control system component. A breadboard LHP with multiple evaporators (two) that retained the reliable self starting behavior of the single thermal interface LHP was developed. Program efforts were concentrated on a two pump system and investigated the performance of the dual evaporator LHP. Analytical predictons and experimental test data are compared, and important issues are discussed that will be a baseline for continued development of multiple thermal interface LHPs. All of the conclusions are based on test results, analytic modeling and the correlation of the two. Although a mathematical model that predicts the multiple evaporator LHP behavior was developed, the primary focus of the program was the development, fabrication, and test of a breadboard multi-evaporator LHP. The program clearly demonstrated that multi-evaporator LHPs are feasible and merit further development as a viable thermal control components

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7.
Инвентарный номер: нет.
   
   H 65


   
    High heat flux loop heat pipes / M. T. North, D. B. Sarraf, J. H. Rosenfeld, Yu. F. Maydanik, S. V. Vershinin // SPACE TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS INTERNATIONAL FORUM (STAIF-97), PTS 1-3: 1ST CONFERENCE ON FUTURE SCIENCE & EARTH SCIENCE MISSIONS; 1ST CONFERENCE ON SYNERGISTIC POWER & PROPULSION SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY; 1ST CONFERENCE ON APPLICATIONS OF THERMOPHYSICS IN MICROGRAVITY; 2ND CONFERENCE ON COMMERCIAL DEVELOPMENT OF SPACE; - 2ND CONFERENCE ON NEXT GENERATION LAUNCH SYSTEMS; 14TH SYMPOSIUM ON SPACE NUCLEAR POWER AND PROPULSION, ALBUQUERQUE, 26-30 JAN, 1997 . - 1997. - Vol.387. - С. 561-566
ББК 53
Рубрики: ФИЗИКА
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
LOOP HEAT PIPES -- THERMAL POWER LOADS -- VAPOR FLOW LOSSES
Аннотация: Loop Heat Pipes (LHPs) can transport very large thermal power loads, over long distances, through flexible, small diameter tubes and against high gravitational heads. While recent LHPs have transported as much as 1500 W, the peak heat flux through a LHP's evaporator has been limited to about 0.07 MW/m(2). This limitation is due to the arrangement of vapor passages next to the heat load which is one of the conditions necessary to ensure self priming of the device. This paper describes work aimed at raising this limit by threefold to tenfold. Two approaches were pursued. One optimized the vapor passage geometry for the high heat flux conditions. The geometry improved the heat flow into the wick and working fluid. This approach also employed a finer pored wick to support higher vapor flow losses. The second approach used a bidisperse wick material within the circumferential vapor passages. The bidisperse material increased the thermal conductivity and the evaporative surface area in the region of highest heat flux, while providing a flow path for the vapor. Proof-of-concept devices were fabricated and tested for each approach. Both devices operated as designed and both demonstrated operation at a heat flux of 0.70 MW/m(2). This performance exceeded the known state of the art by a factor of more than six for both conventional heat pipes and for loop heat pipes using ammonia. In addition, the bidisperse-wick device demonstrated boiling heat transfer coefficients up to 100,000 W/m(2) K, and the fine pored device demonstrated an orientation independence with its performance essentially unaffected by whether its evaporator was positioned above, below or level with the condenser

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8.
Инвентарный номер: нет.
   
   P 31


    Pastukhov, V. G.
    Development and investigation of a cooler for electronics on the basis of two-phase loop thermosyphons / V. G. Pastukhov, Yu. F. Maydanik, V. I. Dmitrin // Heat Pipe Science and Technology, An International Journal , vol. - Vol.1, №1. - С. 47-57
ББК 53
Рубрики: ФИЗИКА
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
LOOP THERMOSYPHON -- EVAPORATOR -- CAPILLARY STRUCTURE,
Аннотация: The objective of this work was to develop a device for cooling electronic elements with a heat power up to 30 W by its rejection and dissipation in the ambient by free air convection. The device specification assigned the temperature range of the ambient conditions from −40 to +105° C and the available space of 30(W) × 120(H) × 200(L) mm. As a result a hybrid scheme based on a loop thermosyphon was proposed, where the evaporator embodied the capillary structure. In such a scheme, the return working fluid flow was ensured by the combined action of the gravity and capillary forces. Several prototypes with different loop and evaporator designs were tested in laboratory conditions. Water and heptane were used as working fluids. The experiments showed that the role of the capillary structure locally placed in the evaporator can be efficiently implemented by both highly porous cellular materials and capillary grooves made on the evaporating surface. It is also shown that heptane can be effectively used as a working fluid which is appropriate for the temperature range requirements. At the same time the device has good mass-and-size characteristics and total thermal resistance under a nominal heat load of about 1.7° C/W

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9.
Инвентарный номер: нет.
   
   S 82


   
    Steady state operation of a copper–water LHP with a flat-oval evaporator / S. Becker, S. V. Vershinin, V. Sartre, E. Laurien, J. Bonjour, Yu. F. Maydanik // Applied Thermal Engineering. - 2011. - Vol.31, №5. - С. 686-695. - Библиогр.: с. 695 (24 ref.)
ББК 53
Рубрики: ФИЗИКА
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
LOOP HEAT PIPE -- HEAT TRAHSFER -- EXPERIMENTAL STUDY
Аннотация: In order to dissipate the heat generated by electronic boxes in avionic systems, a copper–water LHP with a flat-oval evaporator was fabricated and tested at steady state. The LHP consists of a flat shaped evaporator, 7 mm thick, including compensation chamber with attached heat exchanger. The condenser is cooled by forced convection of liquid. The variable parameters are the heat sink and ambient temperatures (20 and 55 °C), the orientation (−90° to +90° in two perpendicular planes) and the power input (0–100 W). Evaporator wall temperatures are higher when the evaporator is placed above the condenser. For heat sink and ambient temperature of 20 °C the evaporator wall temperature does not vary much with heat load for all measured elevations. But it fluctuates at heat sink and ambient temperature equal to 55 °C when the evaporator is placed below the condenser. The LHP total thermal resistance is governed by the condenser resistance. It decreases with increasing heat load, whatever the operating conditions, because the part of the condenser internal surface area used for condensation increases too. A minimum thermal resistance of 0.2 K/W was obtained. The maximum thermal resistance was 2.7 K/W

\\\\expert2\\NBO\\Applied Thermal Engineering\\2011, v. 31, p.686.pdf
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10.
Инвентарный номер: нет.
   
   I-70


   
    Investigation of a compact copper–water loop heap pipe with a flat evaporator / Yu. F. Maydanik, S. V. Vershinin, M. Chernysheva, S. Yushakova // Applied Thermal Engineering. - 2011. - Vol.31, №16. - С. 3533-3541. - Библиогр.: с. 3541 (22 ref.)
ББК 53
Рубрики: ФИЗИКА
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
ELECTRONICS COOLING -- LOOP HEAT PIPE -- FLAT–OVAL EVAPORATOR
Аннотация: A compact copper–water loop heat pipe (LHP) with an effective length of 310 mm equipped with a flat–oval evaporator measuring 80 (L) × 42 (W) × 7 (H) has been tested. The vapor line and the condenser had the same internal diameter of 5.4 mm. The internal diameter of the liquid line was 3.4 mm. Tests were conducted with a heat source which had a heating surface of 30 mm × 30 mm. The condenser was cooled by running water with a temperature of 20 °C. In the horizontal position the device has exhibited serviceability in the heat load range from 5 W to 1200 W at vapor temperatures from 26.5 °C to 103.4 °C. The maximum capacity was achieved at a heat source temperature of 143.5 °C, when the LHP thermal resistance was equal to 0.044 °C/W. The corresponding values of thermal resistance for the evaporator and the condenser were at a level of 0.006 °C/W and 0.038 °C/W. A minimum thermal resistance of 0.097 °C/W for the “heat source–LHP–cooling water” system was obtained at a heat load of about 700 W, at which the temperature of the heat source was 87 °C

\\\\expert2\\NBO\\Applied Thermal Engineering\\2011, v. 31, p.3533.pdf
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